godot-gdscript-patterns
Godot 4 的 GDScript 開發模式：架構、signal、scene 和效能最佳化
中文翻譯
---
name: godot-gdscript-patterns
description: 精通 Godot 4 的 GDScript 模式，包含 signal、scene、狀態機與最佳化。適用於用 Godot 做遊戲、實作遊戲系統，或學習 GDScript 最佳實務的時候。
---
# Godot GDScript 模式
Godot 4.x 遊戲開發的 production 模式，使用 GDScript，涵蓋架構、signal、scene 與最佳化。
## 什麼時候用這個 Skill
- 用 Godot 4 做遊戲
- 用 GDScript 實作遊戲系統
- 設計 scene 架構
- 管理遊戲狀態
- 最佳化 GDScript 效能
- 學習 Godot 最佳實務
## 核心概念
### 1. Godot 架構
```
Node：基本建構單元
├── Scene：可重複使用的節點樹（存成 .tscn）
├── Resource：資料容器（存成 .tres）
├── Signal：事件通訊
└── Group：節點分類
```
### 2. GDScript 基礎
```gdscript
class_name Player
extends CharacterBody2D
# Signal
signal health_changed(new_health: int)
signal died
# Export（可在 Inspector 編輯）
@export var speed: float = 200.0
@export var max_health: int = 100
@export_range(0, 1) var damage_reduction: float = 0.0
@export_group("Combat")
@export var attack_damage: int = 10
@export var attack_cooldown: float = 0.5
# Onready（準備好時才初始化）
@onready var sprite: Sprite2D = $Sprite2D
@onready var animation: AnimationPlayer = $AnimationPlayer
@onready var hitbox: Area2D = $Hitbox
# 私有變數（慣例：底線開頭）
var _health: int
var _can_attack: bool = true
func _ready() -> void:
_health = max_health
func _physics_process(delta: float) -> void:
var direction := Input.get_vector("left", "right", "up", "down")
velocity = direction * speed
move_and_slide()
func take_damage(amount: int) -> void:
var actual_damage := int(amount * (1.0 - damage_reduction))
_health = max(_health - actual_damage, 0)
health_changed.emit(_health)
if _health <= 0:
died.emit()
```
## 詳細模式與實作範例
詳細的模式文件放在 `references/details.md`，上面這一層導覽不夠用的時候再去讀那份檔案。英文原文
---
name: godot-gdscript-patterns
description: Master Godot 4 GDScript patterns including signals, scenes, state machines, and optimization. Use when building Godot games, implementing game systems, or learning GDScript best practices.
---
# Godot GDScript Patterns
Production patterns for Godot 4.x game development with GDScript, covering architecture, signals, scenes, and optimization.
## When to Use This Skill
- Building games with Godot 4
- Implementing game systems in GDScript
- Designing scene architecture
- Managing game state
- Optimizing GDScript performance
- Learning Godot best practices
## Core Concepts
### 1. Godot Architecture
```
Node: Base building block
├── Scene: Reusable node tree (saved as .tscn)
├── Resource: Data container (saved as .tres)
├── Signal: Event communication
└── Group: Node categorization
```
### 2. GDScript Basics
```gdscript
class_name Player
extends CharacterBody2D
# Signals
signal health_changed(new_health: int)
signal died
# Exports (Inspector-editable)
@export var speed: float = 200.0
@export var max_health: int = 100
@export_range(0, 1) var damage_reduction: float = 0.0
@export_group("Combat")
@export var attack_damage: int = 10
@export var attack_cooldown: float = 0.5
# Onready (initialized when ready)
@onready var sprite: Sprite2D = $Sprite2D
@onready var animation: AnimationPlayer = $AnimationPlayer
@onready var hitbox: Area2D = $Hitbox
# Private variables (convention: underscore prefix)
var _health: int
var _can_attack: bool = true
func _ready() -> void:
_health = max_health
func _physics_process(delta: float) -> void:
var direction := Input.get_vector("left", "right", "up", "down")
velocity = direction * speed
move_and_slide()
func take_damage(amount: int) -> void:
var actual_damage := int(amount * (1.0 - damage_reduction))
_health = max(_health - actual_damage, 0)
health_changed.emit(_health)
if _health <= 0:
died.emit()
```
## Detailed patterns and worked examples
Detailed pattern documentation lives in `references/details.md`. Read that file when the navigation tier above is insufficient.